2 SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONTINUED)
2.4 Basis of consolidation
The consolidated financial statements comprise the financial statements of the Company and its subsidiaries as at the
reporting date. The financial statements of the subsidiaries used in the preparation of the consolidated financial
statements are prepared for the same reporting date as the Company. Consistent accounting policies are applied to
like transactions and events in similar circumstances.
The Company controls an investee if and only if the Company has all the following:
(i) Power over the investee (such as existing rights that give it the current ability to direct the relevant activities of
the investee);
(ii) Exposure, or rights, to variable returns from its investment with the investee; and
(iii) The ability to use its power over the investee to affect its returns.
When the Company has less than a majority of the voting rights of an investee, the Company considers the following
in assessing whether or not the Company’s voting rights in an investee are sufficient to give it power over the investee:
(i) The size of the Company’s holding of voting rights relative to the size and dispersion of holdings of the other vote
holders;
(ii) Potential voting rights held by the Company, other vote holders or other parties;
(iii) Rights arising from other contractual arrangements; and
(iv) Any additional facts and circumstances that indicate that the Company has, or does not have, the current ability
to direct the relevant activities at the time that decisions need to be made, including voting patterns at previous
shareholders’ meetings.
Subsidiaries are consolidated when the Company obtains control over the subsidiary and ceases when the Company
loses control of the subsidiary. All intra-group balances, income and expenses and unrealised gains and losses resulting
from intra-group transactions are eliminated in full.
Losses within a subsidiary are attributed to the non-controlling interests even if that results in a deficit balance.
Changes in the Group’s ownership interests in subsidiaries that do not result in the Group losing control over the
subsidiaries are accounted for as equity transactions. The carrying amounts of the Group’s interests and the non-
controlling interests are adjusted to reflect the changes in their relative interests in the subsidiaries. The resulting
difference is recognised directly in retained earnings and attributed to owners of the Company.
When the Group loses control of a subsidiary, a gain or loss calculated as the difference between (i) the aggregate of
the fair value of the consideration received and the fair value of any retained interest and (ii) the previous carrying
amount of the assets and liabilities of the subsidiary and any non-controlling interest, is recognised in profit or loss.
The subsidiary’s cumulative gain or loss which has been recognised in other comprehensive income and accumulated
in equity are reclassified to profit or loss or where applicable, transferred directly to retained earnings. The fair value
of any investment retained in the former subsidiary at the date control is lost is regarded as the cost on initial
recognition of the investment.
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NOTES TO THE
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE FINANCIAL YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2015 (CONTINUED)
